William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England, April 26, 1564 - died in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England, 23 April 1616 at the age of 51 years. He is a British writer who is often referred to as one of the greatest poets of England. He wrote about 38 plays of tragedy, comedy, history, and 154 sonatas, 2 narrative poems, and other poems. He wrote between the years 1585 and 1613 and his work has been translated in almost all languages in the world and performed live on stage more than any other dramatist.Romeo and Juliet
Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeare's plays that have been widely recognized by virtually the entire population of the world. The story of Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare is taken from a true story of two lovers who live in Verona Italy which occurs in about the year 1303. Romeo and Juliet is a work of literature in the form of drama.
According to Abrams, the drama is a literary form designed for theater,
the actors playing the characters, showing lakuan (action), and the
tertulis.Selain utter dialogue that has been staged in a different form of staging, the play Romeo and Juliet has been several times transformed into a movie. In 1961, directed by Jerome Robbins and Robert Wise, a film titled West Side Story, although showing a different character names but the theme and the story line clear following
theme and plot of Romeo and Juliet.
In 1968, an Italian director, Franco Zeffirelli, packaging plays Romeo and Juliet is in the form of films with titles
Similarly, Romeo and Juliet. Subsequently in 1996, Australian director Baz Luhrmann origin make a film titled William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet.
Transformation (change) text literary works into film is referred to as ekranisasi. Ekranisasi is the removal of a literary work into film. This transfer will result in a change so that it can be said ekranisasi is the process of change.
Film William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet is one of the form
renovation of existing literature previously. Original text text shaped drama is transformed into a movie. This occurs because the reading of a work has the possibility of deviation as a form of interpretation of the work.
Isser reveals that there are individual relationships in the reading process. Text and reader meet through a situation that 'realization' depends on both. If the communication literature are to succeed, communication must take all the necessary components for the construction of the situation, because this component has no existence outside of literature.
According to Jauss differences in response to readers of a literary work because the reader had what he describes as a horizon of hope which is always changing. Because of differences in experience and cultural background, the reader response to a literary work will be different too.
In this case, the relationship between the text of the play Romeo and Juliet and William movie Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet is clear that the text of the play Romeo and Juliet is
hipogram film William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. Through a process of reading, the reader (in this scenario writer) with the experience he has made changes to the original text so that it appears the new text as the creation of the reading process.
As a response to a work, film William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet has some differences with the text which it refers. This is due in the reading process of dialectical relationship exists between text, reader, and the process itself. These relationships are discussed in this opportunity, namely the relationship which led to the discrepancy between the two texts as a result of reader response
of a text.
Introduction
Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, written at the beginning of his career. This tragedy tells of a pair of young brides who are in love, but is hampered by both their families and Juliet bermusuhan.Romeo each other is one of Shakespeare's most famous, and also one of his most often performed in addition to Hamlet and Macbeth.
Romeo and Juliet was originally a tragic romance in ancient times. Romeo and Juliet story based on the story in Italy, which turned into a poem in The Tragical History of Romeus and Julia by Arthur Brooke in 1562, and retold in prose in Palace of Pleasure by William Painter in 1582. Shakespeare borrowed ideas from both, but more developed supporting characters, particularly Mercutio and Paris, to expand the storyline. Written between 1591 until 1595, Romeo and Juliet was first staged in 1597.
Shakespeare uses the dramatic structure. Effects such as changes between comedy and tragedy become heightened tensions, the expansion of minor characters, and the use of sub-plots to embellish the story, has been praised as one of Shakespeare's dramatic early signs of talent. This drama comes from various forms of poetry and character, which sometimes change the path of character development. Examples Romeo is more adept in composing sonnets during the ongoing story
Romeo and Juliet has repeatedly staged in the form of dramas, movies, musicals and opera. During the English Restoration, the play was revived and revised by William Davenant. David Garrick also change some parts, and the adaptation of the opera by Georg Benda eliminate a lot of action and adding a happy ending. Appearances in the 19th century, such as by Charlotte Cushman, using the original script of Romeo and Juliet, and more focus on greater realism. In the 20th century, Romeo and Juliet has been adapted into various versions of movies such as Romeo and Juliet in 1936. In Indonesia alone, the translation into Indonesian language entitled Romeo and Juliet performed by Trisno Sumardjo.
Story
The story, set in Verona, beginning with the battle on the road between Montague and Capulet families. Prince of Verona intervene and declare the event of violence, will be carried out capital punishment. Furthermore, the Count of Paris to talk with Lord Capulet about marrying his daughter's plans, but wary because of the age of Juliet Capulet was 13 years. Capulet asks Paris to wait two or three years away and invited attendance at the Capulet ball. Lady Capulet and the Nurse try to force her to accept the proposal of Paris.
Meanwhile, the family of Montague, Benvolio talking with his cousin Romeo, Lord Montague's son, about the melancholy Romeo. Benvolio then learned that the cause is because Romeo infatuated with Rosaline, one of the nephew of Lord Capulet. Forced by Benvolio and Mercutio, Romeo attended the Capulet ball in hopes of meeting Rosaline. However, Romeo just fell in love with Juliet after him. In part that is often called the "balcony scene, Romeo sneaking off to the page Capulet and Juliet overheard saying on his balcony which declared her love for Romeo, although his family hated Montague. Romeo and Juliet appeared in front of, and they agreed to get married. The assistance Friar Laurence, who wanted to reconcile the two families through the merging of their children, Romeo and Juliet marry in secret on the next day.
Juliet's cousin, Tybalt, who know that Romeo has infiltrated the Capulet ball, daring. Romeo, who thinks Tybalt as his brother, declined to fight. Mercutio is offended by immodesty and Tybalt fight with Tybalt in the name of Romeo. Mercutio wounded when Romeo tries to stop the fighting. Feeling guilty, then Romeo kills Tybalt.
Romeo Montague agreed that action to execute Tybalt is a sister act. Prince of Verona and Romeo from Verona throw. Romeo then secretly spend the night in her room, where they completed the wedding. Lord Capulet, who misinterpret her grief, agrees to marry her to Paris and threatened not to recognize him as a child when Juliet refuses to marry Paris. Juliet asks postponed marriage, but her mother refused.
Juliet then visit Friar Laurence to ask for help, and he offered a drug that would make it koma.Friar promise to send messages about the plan to Romeo, so he could meet with her when she was awake. On the night before the wedding, Juliat take medicine, and then laid in the family graveyard after his family finds Juliet "dead".
However, the messenger did not reach Romeo, and he got the information from his servant Balthasar that Juliet was dead. Heartbroken, Romeo bought poison from the Apothecary, then go to where Juliet. He met with Paris that was mourn her. Romeo thinks the vandals, Paris attack, and Romeo kills Paris. Still think that Juliet has died, he drank the poison. She then woke up and saw Romeo dead, so he committed suicide with a knife. Both families and the Prince saw Paris, Romeo and Juliet died. Friar Laurence then retell the story of Romeo and Juliet. Capulet and Montague families and then agree to end hostilities between them.
Antony and Cleopatra
Antony and Cleopatra is a play by William Shakespeare's tragedy, written around the year 1623. Translation into Indonesian language book titled Antony and Cleopatra, and carried out by Trisno Sumardjo.
Cleopatra
Cleopatra VII Philopator (January 69 BC - 12 August 30 BC) was queen of ancient Egypt, the last member of the Ptolemaic dynasty. Although many other Egyptian queen who uses her name, she was known by the name of Cleopatra, and all the predecessors of the same name is almost forgotten.
He is the ruler of Egypt with her father Ptolemy XII, the brother of her husband at the same time: Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV, and eventually his son Caesarion. Cleopatra survived a coup that was designed by his brother's supporters with the alliance with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony proceed. Cleopatra has a son from Julius Caesar and 3 children of Mark Antony (two of which are twins).
Cleopatra committed suicide during Augustus (Octavianus) ascended the throne and attacked Egypt, with his own hands by entering into a basket full of venomous snakes (Asp / a kind of North African origin Cobra). The story of his life often didramatisasikan in various forms of works, including "Antony and Cleopatra" from William Shakespeare and a few modern films.
Relationship with Antony Cleopatra
In the year 42 BC, Mark Antony, one of the people in power in Rome after Caesar's death, summoned Cleopatra to meet him in Tarsus to answer questions his loyalty. Antony Cleopatra arrived and lure that caused Anthony spent the winter of 41 BC-40 BC with her in Alexandria. On December 25, 40 BC, she gave birth to 2 children, Alexander Helios and Cleopatra Selene II.
Four years later, the year 37 BC, Antony visited Alexandria again to war with the Parthian. He renew its relationship with Cleopatra, and since then Alexandria became his home. He married Cleopatra in the Egyptian rite (a letter quoted in Suetonius suggests this), although he was at the time married to Octavia Minor. He and Cleopatra has a son named Ptolemy Philadelphus.
With a donation of Alexandria in 34 BC, as well as Anthony's attack on Armenia, Cleopatra and Caesarion dimahkohtai as deputy leader of Egypt and Cyprus. Alexander Helios became the leader of Armenia, Media, and Parthia; Cleopatra Selene II became the leader of Cyrenaica and Libya. Ptolemy Philadelphus became the ruler of Phoenicia, Syria, and Sicily. Cleopatra's also got the title "Queen of the King."
Anthony is considered a bad attitude by the Romans and Octavian convinced the senate to go to war with Egypt. In the year 31 BC, Anthony troops to attack the Roman fleet on the coast of Actium. With the battle of Actium, Octavian attacked Egypt. With no other refugees who had fled, Antony committed suicide with his sword menusukan on August 12, 30.
Mark Antony Cleopatra's suicide causes suicide as well. It is not known how he died, but according to legend, he took the decision to commit suicide after he realized that he failed to achieve its objectives. He died of letting himself bitten by a venomous snake that slipped into the basket of figs. In the last seconds of his death, he expressed his destiny as a goddess.
Son of Cleopatra, Caesarion claims as pharaoh of Egypt, but Octavian wins first. Caesarion captured and executed, his fate reportedly locked by Octavian famous words: "Two Caesar too much." This Egyptian pharaoh end line. 3 children of Cleopatra and Antony are forgiven and taken back to Rome and they were treated by Anthony's wife, Octavia Minor.
Waiter Cleopatra, Iras and Charmion also committed suicide. Anthony's daughter, Octavia forgiven and also his son, Anthony Iullus. Her oldest son, Marcus Antonius Antyllus, was killed while begging for his life in Caesarium.
Cleopatra
Cleopatra VII Philopator (January 69 BC - 12 August 30 BC) was queen of ancient Egypt, the last member of the Ptolemaic dynasty. Although many other Egyptian queen who uses her name, she was known by the name of Cleopatra, and all the predecessors of the same name is almost forgotten.
He is the ruler of Egypt with her father Ptolemy XII, the brother of her husband at the same time: Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV, and eventually his son Caesarion. Cleopatra survived a coup that was designed by his brother's supporters with the alliance with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony proceed. Cleopatra has a son from Julius Caesar and 3 children of Mark Antony (two of which are twins).
Cleopatra committed suicide during Augustus (Octavianus) ascended the throne and attacked Egypt, with his own hands by entering into a basket full of venomous snakes (Asp / a kind of North African origin Cobra). The story of his life often didramatisasikan in various forms of works, including "Antony and Cleopatra" from William Shakespeare and a few modern films.
Relationship with Antony Cleopatra
In the year 42 BC, Mark Antony, one of the people in power in Rome after Caesar's death, summoned Cleopatra to meet him in Tarsus to answer questions his loyalty. Antony Cleopatra arrived and lure that caused Anthony spent the winter of 41 BC-40 BC with her in Alexandria. On December 25, 40 BC, she gave birth to 2 children, Alexander Helios and Cleopatra Selene II.
Four years later, the year 37 BC, Antony visited Alexandria again to war with the Parthian. He renew its relationship with Cleopatra, and since then Alexandria became his home. He married Cleopatra in the Egyptian rite (a letter quoted in Suetonius suggests this), although he was at the time married to Octavia Minor. He and Cleopatra has a son named Ptolemy Philadelphus.
With a donation of Alexandria in 34 BC, as well as Anthony's attack on Armenia, Cleopatra and Caesarion dimahkohtai as deputy leader of Egypt and Cyprus. Alexander Helios became the leader of Armenia, Media, and Parthia; Cleopatra Selene II became the leader of Cyrenaica and Libya. Ptolemy Philadelphus became the ruler of Phoenicia, Syria, and Sicily. Cleopatra's also got the title "Queen of the King."
Anthony is considered a bad attitude by the Romans and Octavian convinced the senate to go to war with Egypt. In the year 31 BC, Anthony troops to attack the Roman fleet on the coast of Actium. With the battle of Actium, Octavian attacked Egypt. With no other refugees who had fled, Antony committed suicide with his sword menusukan on August 12, 30.
Mark Antony Cleopatra's suicide causes suicide as well. It is not known how he died, but according to legend, he took the decision to commit suicide after he realized that he failed to achieve its objectives. He died of letting himself bitten by a venomous snake that slipped into the basket of figs. In the last seconds of his death, he expressed his destiny as a goddess.
Son of Cleopatra, Caesarion claims as pharaoh of Egypt, but Octavian wins first. Caesarion captured and executed, his fate reportedly locked by Octavian famous words: "Two Caesar too much." This Egyptian pharaoh end line. 3 children of Cleopatra and Antony are forgiven and taken back to Rome and they were treated by Anthony's wife, Octavia Minor.
Waiter Cleopatra, Iras and Charmion also committed suicide. Anthony's daughter, Octavia forgiven and also his son, Anthony Iullus. Her oldest son, Marcus Antonius Antyllus, was killed while begging for his life in Caesarium.
Story
Mark Antony is supposed to be ruling the eastern Roman Empire. Cleopatra, however, has all of his attention as the two carry on a torrid affair in Egypt. The death of his wife, Fulvia, and the threat of a war by Pompey bring him back to Rome. There is tension between Octavius and Antony; Octavius feels that Antony has left Rome vulnerable while dallying with Cleopatra. As a gesture of goodwill, Antony agrees to marry Octavia, the sister of Octavius, but this only postpones what is to be a growing rift.
As events transpire, Octavius (now Caesar) and Antony begin to clash with their armies. Octavia tries to repair the damage and get Octavius and Antony back together. To everyone's chagrin, however, Antony seizes the opportunity during Octavia's absence to flee back to Egypt—and Cleopatra. Octavius is now doubly enraged, vowing to punish Antony for dishonoring his sister as well as Caesar. In the battle to come, Cleopatra sways Antony's mind into accepting a challenge from Caesar to a battle at sea; his aides try to tell him that his army has a better chance on land, but Antony will not listen. He will rue the decision.
At the height of the naval battle, Cleopatra orders her personal ship to leave the scene. Unfortunately, a lovestruck Antony orders his ship to follow her, and the battle at Actium becomes a Roman victory. Caesar rejects Antony's suit for peace, and instead attempts to split Antony and Cleopatra; Cleopatra, he decrees, will remain Queen of Egypt unmolested if she but kills Antony. Cleopatra refuses, and Caesar's army meets Antony's on land—resulting in a victory for Antony. The two armies withdraw to resume the fight the next day.
When another Egyptian retreat decides the day for Caesar, Antony accuses Cleopatra of treachery and threatens her life. To save herself, she flees to her tomb and has her servants bring word that she has killed herself. This pushes Antony over the edge, and he falls on his own sword, mortally wounding himself. He lives long enough, however, for the servants to bring him to Cleopatra, and the two once again profess their love before Antony breathes his last. Caesar, upon hearing the news of Antony's death, grieves for the loss of his rival and onetime friend. To Cleopatra he promises mercy, although he intends on humiliating her as a war captive. Cleopatra, recognizing his aims, secures an asp hidden in a fruit basket and uses its venomous bite to kill herself. Caesar decrees that Antony and Cleopatra be buried together as a posthumous act of kindness.
Why Do Hawks Hunt Chicks?
Lots of tales involving eagles and chickens, so it creates a variety of interesting stories. In Indonesia, many found the story about the chicken and the hawk, for example from Sumatra region, too many stories from the region of origin.
The story "Why do hawks hunt chicks?" contain a moral message that we should not lie to someone else, be honest before it's too late, if you love someone tegaslah to reject other people, respect other people's feelings, because to get a trust is difficult, and to be appreciated that also suits, then respect first before you expect to be appreciated.
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